Panasonic made these bizarre parts at one time (probably in the mid- to late-1970s). They have a leakage current in the femtoamps and were used as a low leakage reference diode.
These are the Panasonic LN2 and LN3 LEDs, compared with a modern 5mm LED for sizing purposes.
Nowadays, they use something called a "bandgap reference" for the really low voltages; above about 1.8 volts we start to see ordinary zener diodes.
The one pictured directly below is their LN3 green version. I also have the LN2 GaP red version, which you'll see below the LN3.
Panasonic LN3 (yellow-green) LED.
Panasonic LN2 (GaP red) LED.
Spectrographic analysis of the Panasonic LN3 LED.
Same as above; newer spectrometer software & settings used.
Spectrographic analysis of Panasonic's LN2 red version.
The instrument's response was lengthened slightly to 800nm to show the NIR emission.
Spectrographically, the LED formulation appears to be GaP (gallium phosphide) {note the significant "hump" in the yellow-green and the unusually broadband emission in the red extending to the NIR}, just like I said it would be.
Spectrographic analysis of Panasonic's LN2 red version; newer spectrometer software setting used.
The instrument's response was lengthened to 850nm to show the NIR emission.
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