PULSE OXIMETER

Pulse Oximeter (pronounced "ock' SIMM uh terr"), (www.sensorsmag.com...)
Manufactured by (Unknown)
Last updated 07-30-04

VERY IMPORTANT: I do not have one of these devices; photographs were provided by Dr. P.T. and were used with permission. He has has a website at www.freshgasflow.com if you're interested.

This is a device known as a pulse oximeter, using LEDs and a photodetector to determine the oxygen content (as a percentage value) of a patient's blood. This device uses what I believe are red (660nm) and infrared LEDs and a photodetector, connected to a microcomputer/microcontroller to determine the blood oxygen level. I believe hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying component of blood) becomes more red the more oxygen it carries, allowing a differing amount of red light to reach the photodetector as opposed to hemoglobin that's carrying less oxygen.

From the article on the Sensors Magazine website:
Hemoglobin that is carrying oxygen (oxy-hemoglobin) absorbs light in the IR region of the spectrum; hemoglobin that isn’t carrying oxygen (deoxy-hemoglobin) absorbs visible red light.

Also from the article:
In pulse oximetry, a clip containing 2 LEDs and the light sensor is placed on the patient’s finger or earlobe. One LED emits red light (600–700nm) and the other emits light in the near IR (800–940nm) region. The clip is connected by a cable to a microprocessor unit. The LEDs are rapidly and sequentially pulsed, and the detector is synchronized to capture the light from each LED as it is transmitted through the tissue. Backgrounds such as fluid, tissue, and bone are factored out of the measurement by monitoring the steady-state absorption from bone, tissue, venous blood, and arterial blood. During an arterial pulse there is an increase in blood volume, and this time-varying component is used to calculate the absorption of oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin.

I'm not a doctor though, and don't play one on TV or on the internet, so please correct me if I'm wrong about this.


Here's the business-end of the instrument on a finger, where it's supposed to go.



Here's the monitor of the pulse oximeter, showing a 95% blood oxygen level.
I apologise for the flash image on the screen; I did not take this photograph.



This is the business-end of the probe itself, showing the LED lit.



And here's a look inside the business-end of the probe itself, showing the photodetector.

I believe this probe is connected to a microcomputer (if the instrument itself has a monitor) or microcontroller (if the instrument itself plugs into a seperate console containing a monitor), so you (the doctor) can just look at the blood oxygen level as a numeric value (a percentage) on the monitor, and, if necessary, treat the patient accordingly.





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